The periodic table orders elements by atomic number. A carbon atom always has six protons, whether its neutron count differs or it has gained or lost electrons. Electrons affect an atom's net charge and chemical interactions. The diagram separates these roles; its sizes and electron locations are symbolic, not a scaled or photographic view.
Matter and chemistry · Discover & try
What makes one atom a different element?
Reading level 3 of 5 · IndependentChange
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atomic number
The number of protons in a nucleus.
isotope
Atoms of one element with different neutron counts.
Watch · Try · Explain
See how it works
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Symbolic atom counts and electron cloud, not size, trajectories, nuclear stability or common-ion prediction.
What to look for
- Protons identify the element
- Neutrons change the isotope
- Electrons change net charge
Explain what you noticed
An atom has 6 protons and 6 electrons. Two neutrons are added. What remains unchanged?
Keep this idea: Protons determine the element; neutrons and electrons have different roles.
Follow the sources
- American Chemical Society — Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
- American Chemical Society — The Periodic Table
Source material checked 2026-10-28. Explanations and activities by Nepedia. Source links do not imply endorsement.
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