Lunalilo

Lunalilo was a king in Hawaii.

He was born into a royal family. He learned to speak English and Hawaiian.

Lunalilo loved to write music. He wrote a song for Hawaii. This song was the first anthem.

He was a very popular leader. Many people wanted him to be king. He won a vote to lead.

Because people loved him, they gave him a name. They called him "The People's King."

He wanted to make the government fair. He wanted more people to vote. He was a kind king.

Lunalilo was a king in Hawaii.

He was born in 1835. He was part of a royal family. He went to the Royal School. There, he learned English and Hawaiian.

Lunalilo loved to make music. He wrote Hawaii's first national anthem. He won a contest for this song in 1862. He also served in the House of Nobles. This was a part of the government.

When King Kamehameha V died, a new king had to be chosen. Lunalilo was very popular. He did not just take the throne. He wanted the people to have a say. He asked for an election.

He won the vote. This made him "The People's King."

He wanted to make the government more democratic. This means he wanted more people to have power. He wanted to change the rules for voting. He also worked to help the economy.

Lunalilo became sick with tuberculosis. He died in 1874 at age 39. He asked to be buried near his people.

His tomb is at Kawaiahaʻo Church.

Lunalilo was a famous leader in the Kingdom of Hawaii.

He was born on January 31, 1835, in a coral brick house. This house was in an area called Pohukaina. Today, this place is part of the grounds for the ʻIolani Palace in Honolulu. His parents were High Chief Charles Kanaʻina and High Chiefess Miriam Auhea Kekāuluohi. Lunalilo was related to many important royal families. He was the grandnephew of King Kamehameha I. His name, Lunalilo, means "so high up as to be lost to sight" in Hawaiian.

As a young man, Lunalilo learned many new things. He went to the Royal School to study. There, he learned to speak both Hawaiian and English. He grew to love English literature and Shakespearean plays. Lunalilo was also a very talented musician. In 1862, he entered a contest to write a song. He wrote Hawaii's first national anthem in only fifteen minutes. The song was called "E Ola Ke Aliʻi Ke Akua." He won the contest and received ten dollars for his work.

Lunalilo spent many years working in the government. He served on the Privy Council of State from 1863 to 1865. He also served in the House of Nobles. This was the upper house of the legislature for high chiefs. He held this position from 1863 until 1872. After King Kamehameha V died in 1872, the throne was empty. There was no successor named by the king. Lunalilo and David Kalākaua were the main candidates. Lunalilo was very popular with the people.

Lunalilo wanted to be a fair and democratic king. Even though he was a rightful heir, he did not just take power. He wanted to follow the rules of the constitution. He asked for a popular vote to let people decide. On January 1, 1873, the people held an election. Lunalilo won by a very large majority. The legislature then voted for him unanimously. Because he was chosen by the people, he was called "The People's King."

During his short time as king, Lunalilo tried to make changes. He wanted to make the government more democratic. He wanted to give more power to the people. He also worked to help the economy during a hard time. Sadly, Lunalilo became very sick with tuberculosis. He died on February 3, 1874, at the age of 39. He had been king for one year and twenty-five days. He asked to be buried at Kawaiahaʻo Church. He wanted to be near his people instead of other chiefs.

Lunalilo, born William Charles Lunalilo, was the sixth monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii.

He reigned from January 8, 1873, until his death in 1874. Lunalilo is remembered as "The People's King" because of his democratic approach to leadership. His life connected the traditional Hawaiian royal lineages with a changing, more modern political system. He sought to balance the power of the monarchy with the voices of the Hawaiian people.

Lunalilo was born on January 31, 1835, in a coral brick house in Pohukaina.

This area is now part of the grounds of the ʻIolani Palace in Honolulu. He was the son of High Chief Charles Kanaʻina and High Chiefess Miriam Auhea Kekāuluohi. His royal ancestry was extensive and deeply connected to the ruling Kamehameha dynasty. He was the grandnephew of King Kamehameha I by blood and his stepson by marriage. His name, Lunalilo, translates in the Hawaiian language to "so high up as to be lost to sight."

Education and early responsibilities shaped Lunalilo's perspective on governance. He attended the Royal School, which was founded by American missionaries Amos Starr Cooke and Juliette Montague Cooke. At this school, he mastered both the Hawaiian and English languages. He developed a profound appreciation for English literature and Shakespearean soliloquies. Lunalilo also held significant land holdings early in his life. Before the Great Mahele, his holdings of 239 ʻāina were second only to King Kamehameha III. However, the Mahele process caused him to relinquish 73 percent of his land. By 1850, he had given more land to the government, leaving him with 43 lots.

Beyond politics, Lunalilo was a gifted musician and a member of the royal family who composed music. In 1862, he participated in a contest hosted by publisher Henry Whitney. The contest was held to celebrate the birthday of King Kamehameha IV. Lunalilo composed Hawaii's first national anthem, "E Ola Ke Aliʻi Ke Akua," in only fifteen minutes. This song was the Hawaiian version of "God Save The King." He won the contest and was awarded ten dollars for his composition.

Lunalilo's path to the throne was unique in Hawaiian history. When King Kamehameha V died on December 11, 1872, he did not name a successor. Under the 1864 constitution, the legislature had to elect a new king from eligible royalty. Lunalilo was a major candidate alongside David Kalākaua. While Lunalilo had a strong genealogical claim, he chose to prioritize the will of the people. He insisted that the constitution be followed to preserve peace and harmony.

He requested a popular vote to ensure the people's wishes were consulted.

On January 1, 1873, a popular election was held, and Lunalilo won by an overwhelming majority. Following this, the legislature voted for him unanimously on January 8, 1873. This unanimous decision was likely influenced by the intense popularity of Lunalilo among the public. During his reign, Lunalilo worked to make the government more democratic. He proposed amending the constitution to restore a bicameral legislature. A bicameral legislature consists of two separate houses: the House of Nobles and the House of Representatives. He also wanted to require kings to provide written explanations for any vetoes they used.

Lunalilo's reign was also marked by economic challenges and internal unrest. The Kingdom was facing an economic depression as the whaling industry declined. There was significant debate regarding a potential treaty with the United States. Some suggested trading the Pearl Harbor area to allow Hawaiian sugar to enter the U.S. tax-free, but Lunalilo dropped the proposal due to public opposition. He also dealt with a mutiny within the small Hawaiian army. After interviewing the troops, he persuaded them to lay down their arms and disbanded the army. This left the Kingdom without an armed force until King Kalākaua later restored it.

Tragedy struck Lunalilo's health toward the end of his short reign. He contracted pulmonary tuberculosis after suffering from a severe cold around August 1873. He moved to Kailua-Kona in an attempt to recover his health. Sadly, he died on February 3, 1874, at the age of 39. He had served as king for exactly one year and twenty-five days.

In his final wishes, he requested to be buried at Kawaiahaʻo Church. He stated he wished to be entombed among his people rather than at the Royal Mausoleum. This decision reflected his lifelong connection to the citizens of Hawaii.