Big Ben

Big Ben is a famous clock in London.

It sits near a big river. The clock is in a very tall tower.

The tower is called the Elizabeth Tower. It has five bells inside. One bell is called Big Ben. It is a very big bell.

The clock is very good at telling time. People use small coins to fix the speed. If they add a coin, the clock moves faster.

The tower is very high. You must climb many steps to reach the top. It is a special part of the city.

Big Ben is a famous name for a bell.

It is the Great Bell inside a tall clock tower. This tower stands at the north end of the Palace of Westminster. It sits in London, England.

The tower was renamed the Elizabeth Tower in 2012. This was to mark a special year for Queen Elizabeth II. The tower was finished in 1859. It is the third-tallest clock tower in Britain. It is made of bricks and sand-coloured stone. The tower even leans a little bit to the north-west. Experts say this will not be a problem for a very long time.

The clock has four large faces.

Each face uses many pieces of glass. The clock is very reliable. People can adjust the time by adding or removing small coins. These coins sit on top of the pendulum. The pendulum is the part that swings to keep time. There are five bells in the tower. Four small bells chime every quarter hour. The largest bell is the one called Big Ben. It is a famous symbol of the United Kingdom.

Big Ben is a name used all over the world. Most people use it to mean the Great Bell inside the tower.

It also refers to the clock tower itself. This tower stands at the north end of the Palace of Westminster. It is located in London, England, near the River Thames.

The tower was once called the Clock Tower. In 2012, it was renamed the Elizabeth Tower. This change marked the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. It is a famous symbol of the United Kingdom and its democracy.

The clock works using a very special mechanism. It was designed by Edmund Beckett Denison and George Airy. They created a gravity escapement to keep the time steady. This helps the clock stay accurate during rain, wind, or snow. The clock is very reliable and stays on time. You can even adjust the speed of the pendulum. Workers do this by adding or removing old pennies from the top. One penny can change the speed by 0.4 seconds every day.

History tells us why this tower was built. A large fire destroyed the old palace in 1834. Architects Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin designed the new Palace of Westminster. Pugin designed the tower in a style called Perpendicular Gothic. Construction on the tower began in September 1843. It was finally completed in 1859. The tower is the third-tallest clock tower in Britain. It is decorated with many stone carvings and symbols. These include emblems from the four countries of the United Kingdom.

There are many interesting facts about the tower's size and parts.

The clock has four large faces made of cast iron. Each face contains 324 pieces of special glass. To reach the top, you must climb many steps. There are 290 steps to the clock room and 44 more to the belfry. The tower even leans slightly to the north-west. This is because the ground underneath is made of soft London Clay. Experts believe the lean will not be a problem for thousands of years. Above the belfry, there is a light called the Ayrton Light.

Today, Big Ben is a part of daily life in the UK. The sound of the bells is broadcast on BBC Radio 4. People can also listen to them online through BBC Sounds. This happens every day before the news at 18:00 and 00:00. The tower is also a World Heritage Site. Between 2017 and 2021, the tower underwent a large renovation. During this time, the bells were mostly silent. Workers even had to use recordings of the bells on the radio. Now, the tower stands tall as a beautiful landmark in London.

Big Ben is a famous nickname for the Great Bell of the Great Clock of Westminster.

People also use the name to describe the tall clock tower at the north end of the Palace of Westminster. This landmark sits in London, England, near the River Thames.

While many call it Big Ben, the tower was officially renamed the Elizabeth Tower in 2012. This change celebrated the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. Today, the tower is a major British cultural icon and a symbol of parliamentary democracy.

The clock operates using a complex and highly reliable mechanism. It was designed by Edmund Beckett Denison and George Airy, the Astronomer Royal. To ensure accuracy, Denison invented a double three-legged gravity escapement. This mechanism provides a strong separation between the pendulum and the clockwork. This separation helps the clock resist the effects of wind, rain, or snow on the dials. The clock is hand-wound three times every week, which takes about 1.5 hours.

A unique way to keep time involves using old coins. The clock's speed can be adjusted by adding or removing pre-decimal pennies from the top of the pendulum. Adding a single penny lifts the pendulum's center of mass slightly. This change reduces the effective length of the pendulum rod. Doing this makes the pendulum swing faster. Specifically, adding one penny changes the clock's speed by 0.4 seconds per day. This system allows the clock to keep time within a few seconds every week.

The history of the tower began after a massive fire in 1834. This fire destroyed the old Palace of Westminster. Architects Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin designed the new palace. Pugin designed the tower in the Perpendicular Gothic style. Construction on the tower started on 28 September 1843. The building contractors were Thomas Grissell and Morton Peto. The tower was finally completed in 1859. It is currently the third-tallest clock tower in Britain.

The tower is rich with architectural details and symbols. The exterior is made of bricks clad in sand-colored Anston limestone. It is topped by a spire with hundreds of cast iron roof-tiles. Above the belfry, there are 52 shields. These shields feature national emblems from the United Kingdom. They include the rose of England, the thistle of Scotland, the shamrock of Northern Ireland, and the leek of Wales.

The clock dials are also very large. Each dial is made of cast iron sections and contains 324 pieces of opalescent glass. The dials feature a Latin inscription that asks for God to keep Queen Victoria I safe.

There are several interesting features inside and around the structure. A lantern called the Ayrton Light sits above the belfry.

This light turns on whenever the House of Commons is sitting after dark. Inside the tower, there is an oak-panelled Prison Room. It was last used in 1880 when an MP named Charles Bradlaugh was held there. The tower also has a slight lean to the north-west. This is because the foundations rest on soft London Clay. Experts believe the lean will not be a problem for 4,000 to 10,000 years.

The tower is a significant part of global communication and heritage. In 1987, UNESCO designated it a World Heritage Site. The sound of the bells is broadcast daily on BBC Radio 4. It is also shared internationally via the BBC World Service and online. Between 2017 and 2021, the tower underwent major conservation work. During this time, the bells were mostly silent. The BBC played recordings of the bells to replace the live sound during the news. This work helped preserve the tower for future generations.